Internal-combustion engine



o. ROTHARDT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed 12 192:;

Feb. 24, 1925. 1,527,923

Patented Feb. 24, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT 0mm.

mrnanancomnus'rron ENGIN-E.

Application filed March 12, 1923. SerialNo. 624,557.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OT'ro ROTHARDT, a

citizen of Germany, residing at Cologne- Mulheim, No. 48 Prinz-Heinrichstrasse,

Rhenish Prussia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements 111 111- ternal-Combustion Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The invention relates to internal combustion engines of the kind adapted to be operated both by light as well as by heavy Ol'lS.

and permitting an immediate changing-over from the light oil working in which a carburettor is used, to the heavy oil working which is executed by a direct injection of the fuel. r

The invention has for its object to provide an engine ofv the said character with which the parts necessary for the two kinds of Working are arranged'in such a manner as to secure an undisturbed and economical working in each case. I

According to the invention, this object is attained by mounting'the spark plug and the fuel injecting nozzle in close proximity of each other at one side of the cylinder cover and by arranging the outlet ports of the fuel nozzle so as to extend horizontally and towards the other side of the (-over, thus permitting the fuel leaving the nozzle by the said ports to beinjected fan-shapedly into the interior of the combustion chamber in directions away from the spark plug.

The subject-matter of the invention is illustrated, byway of example, in the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. ,1 is a plan, seen from below,.of the cylinder cover of an enginelconstructerl in accordance with the invention; and

Fig. 2 is a section on the line L-I of Fig.1. i

Mounted in-the cover 'A of the cylinder A are the main valves of the engine, viz, the inlet valve B and the outlet valve 13,

' as well as the fuel injecting valve C. The

valves B and B are shown to lie. on the same diameter, but they may equally well be arranged in anyother'suitable manner. The fuel injecting valve C isrmountedvnear the marginal portion of the cover at one side of the same, It opens into *anjignition chamber 0' which forms a nozzle D establishing communication with the interior of the cylinder A or the combustion chamber of the latter, respectively. The spark plug F is likewise mount'ediin the cover in close proximity of the nozzle and at the same side of the cover; The body of the nozzle D possesses a series of ports E' arranged on a circle and extending horizontally in directions away from the spark plug F so that the jets of fuel will expand fan-shapedly into the combustion chamber.

As will be readily understood from the,

following, the described relative arrangement of the spark plug and fuel nozzle and the peculiar construction of the latter as regards its outlet ports-affords most favorable conditions for workin alternately with a carburettor and with irect fuel injection.

In order to work economically when running-the engine by injected heavy oils, it is necessary to produce-high compression pressures so as to dispense with the incandescent surfaces otherwise necessary for igniting the fuel; and to allow the fuel jets which are mainly ignited by the air, to move freely for a certain distance before they will strike against surfaces so that they may thoroughly /mix with air on that way. With regard to the working with light oils using a carburettor and lower compression pressuresfor avoiding self-ignitions, it is further necessary thatthe igniting device is protected against a direct contact with the jets of heavy oils as otherwise ignition troubles will be unavoidable.

to. the other, thus rendering the changingover more complicated and slower.

Now, with the construction according to the present invention, the fuel is allowed Hitherto, it has been customary to protect the spark plug which to come into touch with the necessary com- I bustion air without striking too early against surfaces. Besides, the spark plug is securely protected from a direct contact withthe ejected fuel jets, and the very hot flame which is produced when working with heavy oils will not be able to heat the spark plug too strongly, since the gases will reach the spark plug only after a certain time, namely, when the heavy oil jets are returning from the opposite Wall of the combustion chamber and have thus been subjected already to a certain cooling action. Finally,

with the mounting shown of the spark plug,

the Wave upset by the explosion will be prevented from injuring the insulation oi the plug by striking unhinderedly against the same.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new and desire to secure'by Letcover at its marginal portion, a fuel injecting" nozzle mounted in the cover and pro- Jecting ithin the chamber immediately adjacent; the spark plug, the body of said nozzle being formed with a series of hori-,

zontally opening ports in that side of the nozzle remote from the spark plug, the arrange nent of the ports serving to eject the fuel in jets of fan-shaped outline in a direction away from the spark plug, whereby the imperforate portion of the nozzle acts to prevent the plug being reached either by the direct or reflected fuel rays.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name-to this specification,

OTTO ROTHARDTL 

